Manasik al-Hajj

Ayatullah ul-Uzma Khamenei

Chapter one: Miqats

They are the sites determined for doing ihram, they are the following:

First: Masjid al-Shajarah. It is located in the region of Dhi'l-halifah near Medina al-munawwarh and it is the Miqat of the people of Madinah and those who want to go to Hajj through it (Medina).

  1. It is not permissible to delay ihram from masjid al-Shajarah to Juhfah unless there is a necessity like illness, weakness or other excuses.
  2. It is invalid to do ihram from outside masjid al-Shajarah. However, it is valid to do it from all parts of the masjid even those new parts.
  3. A woman with an excuse (e.g. during her periods) must do ihram at the time when she crosses the masjid, if the crossing would not entail staying in it. If staying is necessary (due to crowding or something else) and she could not delay the ihram till the excuse is over, she must do ihram from Juhfah or one of the parallels. She is also allowed to do ihram by nadhr from any other place before the Miqat.
  4. If the husband is absent, it is not a condition to obtain his permission for the achievement of the nadhr of his wife for her ihram before the Miqat. But if he is present, it is based on ihtiyat al-wajib to obtain his permission; otherwise her nadhr will be invalid.

Second: Wadi al-`aqiq, which is the Miqat of Iraqi and Najd people and those who want to pass these places for `Umrah which has three portions: Maslakh, its first portion; Ghamrah, the middle; and Dhatu`irq, the last portion. Ihram at any of these portions is valid.

Third: Juhfah. It is the Miqat of the people of Syria and the surrounding, Egypt, Maghrib and those want to pass them for `Umrah. Ihram is valid either from the masjid or other places there.

Forth: Yalamlam, which is the Miqat of the people of Yaman and those who pass it. It is a name of a mountain. Ihram is valid from any site in it.

Fifth: Qarn al-Manazil, which is the Miqat of the people of Ta'if and those who pass it for `Umrah. Ihram is valid either from the masjid or from other places there.
The places parallel to the previous Miqats: If one did not pass from one of the previous Miqats but reached a place just parallel to one of them, he could do ihram from there. Parallel means to reach a point, on his way to Mecca, in which the miqat lies to the right or the left of him in such a way that if he went forward, the Miqat will be inclined behind him.

The mentioned Miqats are those from which one should do ihram for `Umrat al-tamattu`, while the Miqats of Hijjat al-tamattu`, qiran and ifrad are:

First: Mecca, which is the Miqat of Hijjat al-tamattu`.

Second: The mukallaf's house, which is the Miqat of those who live nearer to Mecca from the mentioned Miqats, which is also the Miqat for People of Mecca, so they are not obliged to return back to one of the mentioned Miqats for doing ihram. And here are some issues:

  1. If one could not locate the Miqat or its parallel, it could be located by legal evidence i.e. by the testimony of two just witnesses or the publicity which ensures confidence, and it is not wajib to investigate it. If all evidences are lost, it is enough to suffice with the suspicion obtained from the saying of anyone who knows the region.
  2. Doing ihram before Miqat is invalid, unless one did a nadhr for ihram before the Miqat in a certain place e.g. Madinah or his country. Then he is obliged to do ihram from there and it is valid.
  3. If one, ignorantly or due to an excuse, had passed the Miqat without ihram, then if he could return to the Miqat, he would be obliged to return and do ihram from it, no matter whether he was inside or outside the Haram. While if he could not and he was inside the Haram, then if he could get out of it, he would be obliged to do that and it is, based on ihtiyat al-wajib to go as near as possible to the Miqat and do ihram from there. If one could not get out due to shortage of time or other causes, he should do ihram inside the Haram from the point at which he becomes free of his excuse.
  4. In normal conditions it is not permissible to delay ihram beyond the Miqat whether there was another Miqat beyond or not.
  5. One who has been prevented from doing ihram from one of the Miqats would be allowed to do it in another one.
  6. One who, deliberately and purposely, did not do ihram from the Miqat and could not return due to time limitations or another excuse and there is no other Miqat beyond until time becomes short to do it, he would miss the `Umrah and his Hajj would be void, and he is obliged to repeat the Hajj the next year, if the Hajj was settled on him or he was mustati`.
  7. Jaddah is neither a Miqat nor a parallel region. Thus, doing ihram for `Umrat al-tamattu` in it, in normal conditions, is incorrect and one must go to any Miqat to do ihram, as long as he could. Otherwise, based on ihtiyat, he should do ihram by nadhr in Jaddah itself.
  8. If a muhrim, after passing the Miqat, became aware that his ihram was incorrect, if, then, he could return to it, he is obliged to. While if he could not do so but by passing through Mecca al-mukarramah, he must do ihram from adna'l-hill and enter Mecca for `Umrah al-mufradah. Then, after performing it he should return back to one of the Miqats to do ihram for `Umrat al-tamattu`
  9. Apparently it is allowed for someone who is confident that he will not miss the Hajj to get out of Mecca after he becomes freed of ihram of `Umrat al-tamattu`, although, based on ihtiyat al-mustahabb, it is better not to get out but for urgency and need. Again, it is based on ihtiyat to do ihram for Hajj in Mecca before getting out unless it would cause extraordinary hardship for him. One who wants to apply this ihtiyat and who is compelled to get out of Mecca one or more times, e.g. the workers of caravans and the likes, he can perform `Umrah al-mufradah first to enter Mecca and delay `Umrat al-tamattu` until the time he could perform it just before Hajj practices. At that time he would do ihram for `Umrat al-tamattu` from the Miqat and after finishing it he would do ihram for Hajj in Mecca.
  10. What is meant by getting out of Mecca between `Umrat al-tamattu` and Hajj is to get out of the contemporary Mecca al-mukarramah. Thus to go to a place which is now regarded inside Mecca is not considered as getting out, even if it was outside before.
  11. It is based on ihtiyat al-wajib not to perform `Umrah al-mufradah between `Umrat al-tamattu` and Hajj, although performing it will not harm either the validity of one's previous `Umrah or that of Hajj.

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