PART II: Nourishment and Perfection of Soul (Tahliyeh)
Having cleaned and refined the
self a wayfarer is ready for the next stage known as training and perfection of
self (Tahliyeh). The logical sciences have confirmed that the human self
is in the state of motion and growth gradually manifesting his hidden
potentials. In the beginning the self is not complete and perfect, rather
gradually develops his essence. If, he travels on the straight path gradually
becomes perfect, eventually attaining his ultimate-perfection. But if deviates
and selects the wrong course gradually takes distance from the ultimate human
perfection, thus, eventually crashing into dark valleys of ignorance and
brutality.
15.1. God's Nearness
It should be understood that
human movement is a real one and is not a figurative thing; this movement is
related to his Celestial Spirit and not to his body. Also, this movement takes
place within his inner essence and is not an external phenomenon. In this
movement his precious jewel of human essence moves and becomes metamorphosed.
Therefore, the axis of human movement is also a real axis and is not something
metaphorical, but the axis of movement is not separate from the mover’s
essence, rather the mover moves within his inner essence carrying the axis of
movement along with him.
Now the question arises that
every movement carries some goal. Therefore, the human beings in the world are
moving towards which objective and what is going to be their eventual fate? The
traditions and Qur’anic verses reveal that the ultimate objective or goal
destined for human beings is God's Nearness, but all human beings do not travel
on the straight path and do not attain the exalted position of God's-Nearness.
The Holy Quran said:
"And ye will be three
kinds:
(First) those on the right
hand; what of those on the right hand? And those on the left hand, what of
those on the left hand ? And the foremost in the race, the foremost in the
race: Those are they who will be brought nigh, in gardens of delight." -the Holy- Quran {56: 7-12)
The people on the right hand side
are the ones who have received eternal salvation, the people on the left are
the ones who have received adversity and the people foremost in the race are
the ones who distinguished themselves in their journeying on the straight path
and attained the exalted position of God's Nearness. This verse clearly
indicates that the objective or goal behind human movement must be God's
Nearness. And the following verse:
"Thus, if he is of those brought nigh. Then breath
of life, and plenty and a Garden of delight. And if he is of those on the right
hand, {then the greeting) "Peace be unto thee " from those on the
right hand. But if he is of the rejecters, the erring. Then the welcome will be
boiling water and roasting at Hell fire.” -the Holy- Quran {56: 88-94)
Further, God-Almighty said in
the following verse:
"It is not so (as understood by unbelievers), Nay
but the record of the righteous is in Illiyin. Ah, what will convey unto thee
what Illiyin is! A written record. Attested by those who are brought near (unto
their Lord)." -the Holy- Quran (83:18-21)
From the above verse it may be
concluded that the exalted position of God's Nearness and attainment of
absolute perfection is the ultimate goal of people's journeying and movement. Therefore,
God's favorite servants are the most distinguished group among the people who
have been bestowed eternal bliss. The Holy Quran said:
"And remember when the angels said: O Mary! Lo!
God-Almighty giveth thee glad tidings of a word from him, Son of Mary,
illustrious in the world and the Hereafter, and one of those brought near (unto
God-Almighty)." -the Holy- Quran (3: 45)
It can be inferred from
traditions and Qur’anic verses that distinguished and deserving God's servants
who have surpassed others in belief, faith, and righteous deeds shall be
blessed with the most privileged and exalted position of God's Countenance, and
in accordance to the interpretation of some verses has been also named
"the Place of Nearness to the Most Magnificent King" (Malik
Muqtadar). Also, the martyrs will be assigned this special position. The
Holy Quran said:
"Think not of those who are slain in the way of
God-Almighty, as dead. Nay, they are living with their Lord they have
provision." -the Holy- Quran (3:169)
Therefore, ultimate human
perfection and the final destination of the wayfarers is Nearness of
God-Almighty.
15.2. Meanings of God's
Nearness
Now let us see what is meant by
God's Nearness? And how could it be imagined that a person may reach closer to
God-Almighty. The nearness means being close and could be defined as follows:
1. Nearness Relative to Place
The two existence which are
closer physically are called near to each other .
2. Nearness Relative to Time
When two things are closer to
each other relative to time are called near to each other.
Of course, it is evident that
nearness of (God's) servants with Him could not belong to the above mentioned
two categories, because, God-Almighty is beyond the limits of time and place
rather is the creator of them, therefore, it is not possible for any thing to
have nearness with Him relative to time and place.
3. Metaphorical Nearness
Sometimes it is said that Mr. X
is very close and intimate with Mr. Y, which means that Mr. Y Respects, likes,
and accepts Mr. X's recommendations and suggestions. This sort of nearness is
called metaphorical, figurative, and ceremonial but is not real.
Could this kind of nearness be possible between a servant
and God? Of course, it is true God loves His deserving servants and accepts
their prayers but still this kid of nearness could not be possible between a
servant and God-Almighty, because as was pointed out earlier, that this has
been proved by the logical sciences and Qur’anic verses, and traditions also
support that the wayfarer, his direction, and straight path all are real things
and are not figurative and ceremonial. Likewise, return towards God-Almighty
which has been so much emphasized in plenty of Qur’anic verses and traditions
is a real thing and cannot be metaphorical or figurative. For example:
God-Almighty said in the Holy Quran:
"O Thou soul at piece!
Return unto thy Lord, content
in his good pleasure.” -the Holy- Quran (89:27-28)
And said:
"Whoso doth right, it is for his soul, and whoso
doth wrong, it is against it. And afterward unto your Lord ye will be brought
back." -the Holy- Quran (45:15)
And said:
"Who say, when a misfortune striketh them: Lo! We
are God's and Lo! unto Him we are returning." -the Holy- Quran (2:156)
Anyway, return to God-Almighty,
straight path, way of God, and attaining self-perfection are real things and
are not metaphorical. A human being's movement is an aware and optional act
whose result will become manifested after his death. Since the very beginning
of Human existence this movement begins and continues until death. The nearness
to God is real thing and God's decent servants really become closer to Him and
impious and sinner indeed take distance from God-Almighty. Therefore, let us
see what is meant by nearness to God-Almighty. God's Nearness is not comparable
to other types of nearness, rather it is a special kind of near'" ness
which might be called nearness relative to perfection or relative to the rank
of exaltedness of that particular existence. In order to further clarify let us
refer to the following preface.
The books of wisdom and Islamic
philosophy have confirmed that existence 'is real and consists of various rank
and degrees. It may be compared to the analogy of illumination which consists
of various degrees of lights varying from low to very high. The lowest degree
of a lighting lamp could be one watt which is also illumination till the lamp
with infinite brightness which is nothing other than illumination. In between
the lowest and highest limits of illumination there exists various intermediate
degrees of light differing relative to extreme limits in proportion to their
weakness and strength.
Existence too consists of
various ranks and positions differing in proportion to their weakness and
strength. The lowest degree being the existence of nature and matter till the
highest rank of existence the essence of God-Almighty which from the point of
view of perfection is infinite and absolute. In between these two extremities
there also exists intermediate degrees of existence varying in proportion to
their weakness and strength. Here it becomes clear that as much as an existence
is stronger and holder of higher rank, in perfection would be closer relative
to the most supreme existence and the source of absolute perfection -the
Essence of God-Almighty, and opposite to that the weaker an existence would be,
the farther it will be relative to the Essence of Self Existent (Wajib
al-Wajoud).
Now in the light of above
explanation the meaning of nearness of servants to God and distance from Him
could be imagined. As for as the Celestial spirit is concerned, a human being
is an abstract reality, which from the point of view of manifestation is
related to matter, and because of that is capable to grow, becoming perfect
until attaining the ultimate degree of his existence. From the beginning of his
movement until arriving at the final destination he is not more than one person
and one reality, but as much as he achieves perfection and ascension in his
journeying with in his essence, in the same proportion becomes nearer to the
source of all Creation, the Absolute and Infinite Perfection -the Holy Essence
of God-Almighty.
A human being through belief and
righteous deeds can make his existence complete and perfect so that he could
attain God's Nearness, thus, being able to utilize divine blessings and favors
to his maximum advantage and therefore, making his own essence a source of
further benevolence and goodness.
Faith -the Foundation of Spiritual Perfection
Faith and enlightenment are the
basis for self's perfection and journeying towards God-Almighty. Before
starting this journey a wayfarer must decide about his final destination, must
know where is he going, and which path he must select, otherwise he would get
lost and would never reach to his final destination. Faith in God-Almighty
induces courage for movement, search and endeavor, as well as clearly
demarcates his path and final destination. Those who lack faith are helpless to
walk upon the straight path of perfection. The Holy Quran said:
"And Lo! those who believe not in the Hereafter are
indeed astray from the path."
-
the Holy Quran (23: 74)
And said:
"Nay, but those who disbelieve in the Hereafter are in
torment and for error."
-
the Holy Quran (34:8)
An unbeliever who does not
believe in the existence of God-Almighty and Hereafter becomes absolutely cut
off from the world of perfection and his activities are limited to follow his
material and animalistic requirements. Therefore, his arms and objectives for
movement could not be any thing else other than material world.
He is not journeying on the
straight path of perfection and therefore, can never attain God's Nearness .The
direction of his movement is world and therefore, continuously becomes farther
away from the straight path of human exaltation. Evan if an unbeliever performs
a righteous deed it would not become a means for his self-perfection; because,
he has not done it with the intention for God and his Nearness (Taqarrub),
so that it becomes beneficial for him, rather has done it for the sake of this
world and, therefore, will see the result in this world but nothing will be
left for him in the Hereafter. God-Almighty said in Holy Quran:
“A similitude of those who disbelieve in their Lord:
their works are ashes which the wind bloweth hard upon a stormy day. They have
no control of aught that they have earned. That is the extreme failure.” -the Holy- Quran (14:18)
Anyway, faith is the foundation
of deeds and bestows upon them merit. If, a believer's soul gets intermingled
with faith (Iman) and the phrase of Monotheism (Kalma-e-Towheed)
would become illuminated and would ascend towards God-Almighty. Of course,
righteous deeds too helps him in this ascent. The Holy Quran said:
"Whoso desireth power (should know that) all power
belongeth to God-Almighty. Unto Him good words ascend and the pious deed doth
He exalt." -the Holy- Quran (35:10)
The righteous deeds carry a
human soul upward enabling him to attain the exalted position of God's Nearness
and providing him a sacred and beautiful existence subjected to his possessed
with the faith (Iman). An unbeliever's soul is dark and does not have
the decency of possessing God's Nearness and delightful existence. The Holy
Quran said:
"Whosoever doth right, whether male or female and is
a believer, him verily we shall quicken with good life." -the Holy- Quran (16:97)
Therefore, a wayfarer from the
very beginning must strive and endeavor to strengthen his faith because the
stronger and superior will be his faith the higher will be his ascent and rank.
Holy Quran said:
"God-Almighty will exalt those who believe among
you, and those who have knowledge, to high ranks, God is informed of what you
do." -the Holy- Quran (58:11)